MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL BIO-SURFACTANT PRODUCING MICROBES FROM SOIL

Author (s) : Dr.D.SARAVANAN, Dr.D.KODIMUNTHIRI

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Abstract :
Oil pollution and remediation technology has become a global phenomenon of increasing importance. Hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms produce bio surfactants of different chemical nature and molecular size, which are surface active compounds which increases the surface tension of the hydrophobic water-insoluble substrates and thereby enhancing their bioavailability and the rate of bioremediation. Synthetic surfactants are usually toxic and damage environment, whereas bio surfactants are eco-friendly and it increases diversity, flexibility in operation, than chemical surfactant. Bio surfactants produced by a variety of microorganisms mainly bacteria, fungi and yeasts are diverse in chemical composition and their nature and the amount depend on the type of microbes producing a bio surfactant. Bio surfactants derived from living organisms, mainly attracted much attention because of advantageous characteristics such as structural diversity, low toxicity, higher biodegradability, better environmental compatibility, higher substrate selectivity. These properties have led to several bio surfactant applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Several types of bio surfactant have been isolated and characterized, including glycolipids, phospholipids, lipopeptides, natural lipids, fatty acids, lipo polysaccharides and other fully characterized. The majority of known bio surfactants is synthesized by microorganisms grown on water immiscible hydrocarbons, but some have been produced on such water- soluble substrates as glucose, glycerol and ethanol. Bio surfactant producing microorganisms were found in most soils, even by using a relatively limited screening assay. In this present study isolation and identification of bio surfactant producing bacteria were screened and its effectiveness and functional characterization were analysed through microbial and molecular tool.

Keywords : Oil pollution,microorganisms, Synthetic surfactants.

Conference Date : 13/11/2020

Pages : 225

Paper ID : 20225