MODERNIZATION IN PLANT BREEDING APPROACHES FOR IMPROVING BIOTIC STRESS RESISTANCE IN CROP PLANTS

Author (s) : Dr.K.KARTHIKA and T.BHUVANA

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Abstract :
Global food security may be threatened by biotic stressors. Plant breeders face a significant difficulty when developing crops that are resistant to biotic stress due to the evolution of novel diseases and insect races as a result of environmental and genetic factors. 800 million people around the world are undernourished as a result of yield losses brought on by biotic stressors. Since there will be a 70% increase in food demand by 2050, reduced yield from biotic stressors and rising food demand pose a threat to global food security. The conventional and molecular genetics methods used to create biotic stress resistant crops are described and contrasted in this article. In the past, this was accomplished through traditional breeding techniques like introduction, hybridization, composite crossing, multiline, and backcross breeding. These techniques, nevertheless, were labor-intensive, expensive, and slow at developing crop resistance. Because of this, breeders adapted molecular genetics techniques like mutation, marker assisted selection (MAS), genomics, recombinant DNA technology, targeted induced local lesions in genome (TILLING), and virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) to develop effective resistance in crop plants more quickly. Since TILLING is a non-transgenic approach, it is anticipated to be the most effective tool for this use.

Keywords : Molecular genetics techniques

Conference Date : 17/09/2021

Pages : 61

Paper ID : IESMDT59